Compare Models
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Stanford University
Alpaca
FREEStanford University released an instruction-following language model called Alpaca, which was fine-tuned from Meta’s LLaMA 7B model. The Alpaca model was trained on 52K instruction-following demonstrations generated in the style of self-instruct using text-davinci-003. Alpaca aims to help the academic community engage with the models by providing an open source model that rivals OpenAI’s GPT-3.5 (text-davinci-003) models. To this end, Alpaca has been kept small and cheap (fine-tuning Alpaca took 3 hours on 8x A100s which is less than $100 of cost) to reproduce. All training data and techniques have been released. The Alpaca license explicitly prohibits commercial use, and the model can only be used for research/personal projects, and users need to follow LLaMA’s license agreement. -
Google
BARD
FREEGoogle’s Bard is now powered by PaLM 2, the new powerful LLM launched in May 2023. PaLM 2 is trained on a massive dataset of text and code. Bard can generate text, translate languages, write different kinds of creative content, and answer your questions in an informative way. Bard is programmed to use the web to find the most recent answers to questions. This means that when you ask Bard a question, it will not only use its knowledge of the world to answer your question, but it will also use the internet to find the most recent information on the topic. This allows Bard to provide you with the most accurate and up-to-date information possible (very cool).The exact billing structure for Bard is still under development (it is free to try at the moment) but you will likely be able to purchase tokens in bulk at a discounted price. According to Google, you may also be able to use tokens you have earned through other means, such as completing surveys or participating in beta testing programs. -
BigScience
BLOOM
FREEBigScience Large Open-science Open-access Multilingual Language Model (BLOOM) is a transformer-based LLM. Over 1,000 AI researchers created it to provide a free large language model for everyone who wants to try and it is a multilingual LLM. BLOOM is an autoregressive Large Language Model (LLM), trained to continue text from a prompt on vast amounts of text data using industrial-scale computational resources. It can output coherent text in 46 languages and 13 programming languages. It is free, and everybody who wants to can try it out. To interact with the API, you’ll need to request a token. This is done with a post request to the server. Tokens are only valid for two weeks. After which, a new one must be generated. Trained on around 176B parameters, it is considered an alternative to OpenAI models. There is a downloadable model, and a hosted API is available. -
Deepmind
Chinchilla AI
OTHERGoogle’s DeepMind Chinchilla AI is still in the testing phase. Once released, Chinchilla AI will be useful for developing various artificial intelligence tools, such as chatbots, virtual assistants, and predictive models. It functions in a manner analogous to that of other large language models such as GPT-3 (175B parameters), Jurassic-1 (178B parameters), Gopher (280B parameters), and Megatron-Turing NLG (300B parameters) but because Chinchilla is smaller (70B parameters), inference and fine-tuning costs less, easing the use of these models for smaller companies or universities that may not have the budget or hardware to run larger models.
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Google
Cloud Platform
OTHERGoogle Cloud Platform (GCP) is a cloud computing service that includes innovative AI and machine learning products, solutions, and services. Google AI Studio is a low-code development environment that makes it easy to build and deploy applications and has a variety of features, such as pre-trained models that can be used to get started quickly, a unified experience for managing the entire ML lifecycle, from data preparation to model deployment, and a variety of tools for monitoring the performance of ML models in production. Vertex AI can be used to train and deploy models, and GCP also offers a variety of data storage services, including Cloud Storage, which can be used to store large datasets. -
Google, Stanford University
Electra
FREEELECTRA (Efficiently Learning an Encoder that Classifies Token Replacements Accurately) is a transformer-based model like BERT, but it uses a different pre-training approach, which is more efficient and requires less computational resources. It was created by a team of researchers from Google Research, Brain Team, and Stanford University. ELECTRA models are trained to distinguish “real” input tokens vs “fake” input tokens generated by another neural network (for the more technical audience, ELECTRA uses a new pre-training task, called replaced token detection (RTD), that trains a bidirectional model while learning from all input positions). Inspired by generative adversarial networks (GANs), ELECTRA trains the model to distinguish between “real” and “fake” input data. At small scale, ELECTRA achieves strong results even when trained on a single GPU. At large scale, ELECTRA achieves state-of-the-art results on the SQuAD 2.0 dataset. Go to GitHub where you can access the three models (ELECTRA-Small, ELECTRA-Base and ELECTRA-Large). -
Google
FLAN-T5
FREEIf you already know T5, FLAN-T5 is just better at everything. For the same number of parameters, these models have been fine-tuned on more than 1,000 additional tasks covering more languages – the NLP is for English, German, French. It has Apache-2.0 license which is a permissive open source license that allows for commercial use. With appropriate prompting, it can perform zero-shot NLP tasks such as text summarization, common sense reasoning, natural language inference, question answering, sentence and sentiment classification, translation, and pronoun resolution. -
Google
Flan-UL2
FREEDeveloped by Google, Flan-UL2, which is a more powerful version of the T5 model that has been trained using Flan, and it is downloadable from Hugging Face. It shows performance exceeding the ‘prior’ versions of Flan-T5. With the ability to reason for itself and generalize better than the previous models, Flan-UL2 is a great improvement. Flan-UL2 is a machine learning model that can generate textual descriptions of images and has the potential to be used for image search, video captioning, automated content generation, and visual question answering. Flan-UL2 has an Apache-2.0 license, which is a permissive open source license that allows for commercial use.If Flan-UL2’s 20B parameters are too much, consider the previous iteration of Flan-T5, which comes in five different sizes and might be more suitable for your needs. -
Google
LaMDA
OTHERLaMDA stands for Language Model for Dialogue Application. It is a conversational Large Language Model (LLM) built by Google as an underlying technology to power dialogue-based applications that can generate natural-sounding human language. LaMDA is built by fine-tuning a family of Transformer-based neural language models specialized for dialog and teaching the models to leverage external knowledge sources. The potential use cases for LaMDA are diverse, ranging from customer service and chatbots to personal assistants and beyond. LaMDA is not open source; currently, there are no APIs or downloads. However, Google is working on making LaMDA more accessible to researchers and developers. In the future, it is likely that LaMDA will be released as an open source project, and that APIs and downloads will be made available. -
Amazon
SageMaker
FREEAmazon SageMaker enables developers to create, train, and deploy machine-learning (ML) models in the cloud. SageMaker also enables developers to deploy ML models on embedded systems and edge-devices. Amazon SageMaker JumpStart helps you quickly and easily get started with machine learning. The solutions are fully customizable and supports one-click deployment and fine-tuning of more than 150 popular open source models such as natural language processing, object detection, and image classification models that can help with extracting and analyzing data, fraud detection, churn prediction and personalized recommendations.The Hugging Face LLM Inference DLCs on Amazon SageMaker, allows support the following models: BLOOM / BLOOMZ, MT0-XXL, Galactica, SantaCoder, GPT-Neox 20B (joi, pythia, lotus, rosey, chip, RedPajama, open assistant, FLAN-T5-XXL (T5-11B), Llama (vicuna, alpaca, koala), Starcoder / SantaCoder, and Falcon 7B / Falcon 40B. Hugging Face’s LLM DLC is a new purpose-built Inference Container to easily deploy LLMs in a secure and managed environment. -
LMSYS Org
Vicuna-13B
FREEVicuna-13B is an open-source chatbot developed by a team of researchers from UC Berkeley, CMU, Stanford, MBZUAI, and UC San Diego. The chatbot was trained by fine-tuning LLaMA on user-shared conversations collected from ShareGPT. There is a 13B and 7B parameter models that are available on Hugging Face.
Vicuna-13B achieves more than 90% quality of OpenAI ChatGPT and Google Bard while outperforming other models like LLaMA and Stanford Alpaca in more than 90% of cases. The code and weights and an online demo are publicly available for non-commercial use. Here is a link to learn more about how it compares to other models – https://lmsys.org/blog/2023-03-30-vicuna/.
To use this model, you need to install LLaMA weights first and convert them into Hugging Face weights, and the cost of training Vicuna-13B is around $300.
