Compare Models
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Google
BERT
FREEBERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) was introduced in 2018 by researchers at Google AI. BERT uses AI in the form of natural language processing (NLP), natural language understanding (NLU), and sentiment analysis to process every word in a search query in relation to all the other words in a sentence, giving it a robust understanding of context and semantics. This pre-training process is incredibly powerful and the learned weights can be fine-tuned with just one additional output layer to create models for a variety of NLP tasks such as question answering and sentiment analysis. You can download the smaller BERT models for FREE from the official BERT GitHub page. -
Google
Cloud Platform
OTHERGoogle Cloud Platform (GCP) is a cloud computing service that includes innovative AI and machine learning products, solutions, and services. Google AI Studio is a low-code development environment that makes it easy to build and deploy applications and has a variety of features, such as pre-trained models that can be used to get started quickly, a unified experience for managing the entire ML lifecycle, from data preparation to model deployment, and a variety of tools for monitoring the performance of ML models in production. Vertex AI can be used to train and deploy models, and GCP also offers a variety of data storage services, including Cloud Storage, which can be used to store large datasets. -
Google, Stanford University
Electra
FREEELECTRA (Efficiently Learning an Encoder that Classifies Token Replacements Accurately) is a transformer-based model like BERT, but it uses a different pre-training approach, which is more efficient and requires less computational resources. It was created by a team of researchers from Google Research, Brain Team, and Stanford University. ELECTRA models are trained to distinguish “real” input tokens vs “fake” input tokens generated by another neural network (for the more technical audience, ELECTRA uses a new pre-training task, called replaced token detection (RTD), that trains a bidirectional model while learning from all input positions). Inspired by generative adversarial networks (GANs), ELECTRA trains the model to distinguish between “real” and “fake” input data. At small scale, ELECTRA achieves strong results even when trained on a single GPU. At large scale, ELECTRA achieves state-of-the-art results on the SQuAD 2.0 dataset. Go to GitHub where you can access the three models (ELECTRA-Small, ELECTRA-Base and ELECTRA-Large). -
Google
FLAN-T5
FREEIf you already know T5, FLAN-T5 is just better at everything. For the same number of parameters, these models have been fine-tuned on more than 1,000 additional tasks covering more languages – the NLP is for English, German, French. It has Apache-2.0 license which is a permissive open source license that allows for commercial use. With appropriate prompting, it can perform zero-shot NLP tasks such as text summarization, common sense reasoning, natural language inference, question answering, sentence and sentiment classification, translation, and pronoun resolution. -
Google
Flan-UL2
FREEDeveloped by Google, Flan-UL2, which is a more powerful version of the T5 model that has been trained using Flan, and it is downloadable from Hugging Face. It shows performance exceeding the ‘prior’ versions of Flan-T5. With the ability to reason for itself and generalize better than the previous models, Flan-UL2 is a great improvement. Flan-UL2 is a machine learning model that can generate textual descriptions of images and has the potential to be used for image search, video captioning, automated content generation, and visual question answering. Flan-UL2 has an Apache-2.0 license, which is a permissive open source license that allows for commercial use.If Flan-UL2’s 20B parameters are too much, consider the previous iteration of Flan-T5, which comes in five different sizes and might be more suitable for your needs. -
Google
LaMDA
OTHERLaMDA stands for Language Model for Dialogue Application. It is a conversational Large Language Model (LLM) built by Google as an underlying technology to power dialogue-based applications that can generate natural-sounding human language. LaMDA is built by fine-tuning a family of Transformer-based neural language models specialized for dialog and teaching the models to leverage external knowledge sources. The potential use cases for LaMDA are diverse, ranging from customer service and chatbots to personal assistants and beyond. LaMDA is not open source; currently, there are no APIs or downloads. However, Google is working on making LaMDA more accessible to researchers and developers. In the future, it is likely that LaMDA will be released as an open source project, and that APIs and downloads will be made available. -
Meta AI
Llama
FREEMeta has created Llama (Large Language Model Meta AI), its state-of-the-art foundational large language model designed to help researchers advance their work in this subfield of AI. Smaller, more performant models such as LLaMA enable others in the research community who don’t have access to large amounts of infrastructure to study these models, further democratizing access in this important, fast-changing field.Training smaller foundation models like Llama is desirable in the Large Language Model space because it requires far less computing power and resources to test new approaches, validate others’ work, and explore new use cases. Foundation models train on a large set of unlabeled data, which makes them ideal for fine-tuning for a variety of tasks. Meta is making Llama available at several sizes (7B, 13B, 33B, and 65B parameters) and they also share a Llama model card that details how we built the model in keeping with our approach to responsible AI practices. -
Meta AI
Llama 2
FREEMeta has released Llama 2. It has an open license, which allows commercial use for businesses. Llama 2 will be available for use in the Hugging Face Transformers library from today (you will need to sign Meta’s Llama 2 Community License Agreement – https://ai.meta.com/resources/models-and-libraries/llama-downloads/, via MSFT Azure cloud computing service, and through Amazon SageMaker JumpStart).Llama 2 is an auto-regressive language model that uses an optimized transformer architecture. Llama 2 is intended for commercial and research use in English. It comes in a range of parameter sizes—7 billion, 13 billion, and 70 billion—as well as pre-trained and fine-tuned variations. According to Meta, the tuned versions use supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF) to align to human preferences for helpfulness and safety. Llama 2 was pre-trained on 2 trillion tokens of data from publicly available sources. The tuned models are intended for assistant-like chat, whereas pre-trained models can be adapted for a variety of natural language generation tasks.Link to the live demo of Llama2 70B Chatbot -https://huggingface.co/spaces/ysharma/Explore_llamav2_with_TGI -
Google
PaLM 2 chat-bison-001
$0.0021535PaLM 2 has just launched (May 2023) and is Google’s next-generation Large Language Model, built on Google’s Pathways AI architecture. PaLM 2 was trained on a massive dataset of text and code, and it can handle many different tasks and learn new ones quickly. It is seen as a direct competitor to OpenAI’s GPT-4 model. It excels at advanced reasoning tasks, including code and math, classification and question answering, translation and multilingual proficiency (100 languages), and natural language generation better than our previous state-of-the-art LLMs, including its predecessor PaLM.PaLM 2 is the underlying model driving the PaLM API that can be accessed through Google’s Generative AI Studio. PaLM 2 has four submodels with different sizes. Bison is the best value in terms of capability and chat-bison-001 has been fine-tuned for multi-turn conversation use cases. If you want to see PaLM 2 capabilities, the simplest way to use it is through Google Bard (PaLM 2 is the technology that powers Google Bard).Watch Paige Bailey introducing PaLM 2: view here
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ChatGLM
PaLM 2 text-bison-001
$0.004PaLM 2 has just launched (May 2023) and is Google’s next-generation Large Language Model, built on Google’s Pathways AI architecture. PaLM 2 was trained on a massive dataset of text and code, and it can handle many different tasks and learn new ones quickly. It is seen as a direct competitor to OpenAI’s GPT-4 model. It excels at advanced reasoning tasks, including code and math, classification, question answering, translation and multilingual proficiency (100 languages), and natural language generation better than our previous state-of-the-art LLMs, including its predecessor PaLM.PaLM 2 is the underlying model driving the PaLM API that can be accessed through Google’s Generative AI Studio. PaLM 2 has four submodels with different sizes. Bison is the best value in terms of capability and cost, and text-bison-001 can be fine-tuned to follow natural language instructions and is suitable for various language tasks such as classification, sentiment analysis, entity extraction, extractive question answering, summarization, re-writing text in a different style, and concept ideation.If you want to see PaLM 2 capabilities, the simplest way to use it is through Google Bard (PaLM 2 is the technology that powers Google Bard).
Watch Paige Bailey introducing PaLM 2: view here
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Google
PaLM 2 textembedding-gecko-001
$0.0004PaLM 2 has just launched (May 2023) and is Google’s next-generation Large Language Model, built on Google’s Pathways AI architecture. PaLM 2 was trained on a massive dataset of text and code, and it can handle many different tasks and learn new ones quickly. It is seen as a direct competitor to OpenAI’s GPT-4 model. It excels at advanced reasoning tasks, including code and math, classification and question answering, translation and multilingual proficiency (100 languages), and natural language generation better than our previous state-of-the-art LLMs, including its predecessor PaLM.PaLM 2 is the underlying model driving the PaLM API that can be accessed through Google’s Generative AI Studio. PaLM 2 has four submodels with different sizes: Unicorn (the largest), Bison, Otter, and Gecko (the smallest) and the different sizes of the submodels allow PaLM 2 to be more efficient and to perform different tasks. Gecko is the smallest and cheapest model for simple tasks and textembedding-gecko-001 returns model embeddings for text inputs.If you want to see PaLM 2 capabilities, the simplest way to use it is through Google Bard (PaLM 2 is the technology that powers Google Bard).Watch Paige Bailey introducing PaLM 2: view here
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Yandex
YaLM
FREEYaLM 100B is a GPT-like neural network for generating and processing text. It can be used freely by developers and researchers from all over the world. It took 65 days to train the model on a cluster of 800 A100 graphics cards and 1.7 TB of online texts, books, and countless other sources in both English and Russian. Researchers and developers can use the corporate-size solution to solve the most complex problems associated with natural language processing.Training details and best practices on acceleration and stabilizations can be found on Medium (English) and Habr (Russian) articles. The model is published under the Apache 2.0 license that permits both research and commercial use.
